form( Integer [, DecimalFormat] )
form( Integer, BitwiseFormat )
form( Enumeration, DecimalFormat )

Numeric values are formatted using the following set of format characters. Upper or lower case 'D', 'H', 'O', and 'B' characters designate the radix of the result. At least one of them must be included and they cannot be intermixed.

Formatting Decimal Integers

Integers and enumerated types can be formatted as decimal numbers. Only for enumerations declared as a range from zero to an upper bound, the current value is the same as the corresponding integer. If an enumeration is declared as a list of symbols then it cannot be formatted as an integer.

D     A decimal digit or a space if the digit in this position is a leading or trailing 0.

S     A leading plus or minus sign.

M     A minus if the number is negative or a blanke if positive.

N     If a leading or trailing 0 then null; else a digit.

Z     If before the radix position, include leading zeros.
z     If after the fractional part, include trailing zeros.

Literal characters that may be interspersed in numeric forms. You can use these characters to include literals in the formatted result.

Note that a single decimal point may appear in an integer to display fixed point number. This is recommended in situations where exact representations of discrete values is required, such as accounting applications. The format for fixed point reals is the same as integers.

=     The following character is a literal.

_     If a lead character lead zero displays underscore; else a digit.
      If after radix then lead zero displays blank, else display underscore.

,     If after radix then lead zero displays blank; else display comma.
      May not be a lead character.

$     Always a lead character.  Lead zero displays a '$'; else a digit.
      When specified there must be enough room to display at least 1 $.

#     If follows a radix character; use as many digits as is required.
      If a lead character, lead zero displays a '#'; else a digit.
      When specified there must be enough room to display at least 1 #.

.     A single decimal point formats the value as a fixed point number.

IntegerFormat := EqualSpace  {DecimalNumber | Character}  EqualSpace
Character     := 'L' | 'U' | 'C' | 'l' | 'u' | 'c'

EqualSpace    := {('='  Printable  Repeat)* | (' '  Repeat)}*
Printable     := ' ' to '~'
Repeat        := ['1' to '9'  ['0' to '9']]

DecimalNumber := Mantissa  ['#']  ['.'  [Fraction]]
Mantissa      := Sign  ['$']  {ZeroNull  [DecimalComma]} | DecimalComma
Fraction      := ZeroUnder  {Zero | DecimalUnder | (NullUnder  Null)}

Sign          := ['M' | 'm' | 'S' | 's']
ZeroNull      := (Zero  ({'_'* | ','}  Zero)*) | (Null ({'_'* | ','}  Null)*)
DecimalComma  := Decimal  ({'_'* | ','}  Decimal)*

DecimalUnder  := (Decimal  '_'*)*  Decimal
ZeroUnder     :=    (Zero  '_'*)*
NullUnder     :=    (Null  '_'*)*

Decimal       := {'D' | 'd'}  Repeat
Zero          := {'Z' | 'z'}  Repeat
Null          := {'N' | 'n'}  Repeat

               INTEGER EXAMPLES

   Form             Value           Quoted Result

   MD#            456                  "456"
   mddd            -12                 "- 12"
   mmmd            -12                 " -12"
      3             23                  " 23"
$*,**D.DD           5050            "$*,*50.50"
$$,$$D.DD          10050            "$  100.50"
$$,$$D.DD         110050            "$1,100.50"

Formatting Bitwise Integers

Integers can also be formatted as hexadecimal, octal, or binary numbers.

H     A hexadecimal digit or a space if the value in this place is a leading 0.

h     A lowercase H will produce lowercase output for alphabetic digits.

O  o  An octal digit or a space if the value in this place is a leading 0.

B  b  A binary digit or a space if the value in this place is a lead 0.

N  n  If a leading or trailing 0 then null; otherwise a digit.

Z  z  If before the radix position, include leading zeros.
      If after the fractional part, include trailing zeros.

=     The following character is a literal.

_     If a lead character lead zero displays underscore; else a digit.
      If after radix then lead zero displays blank, else display underscore.

#     If follows a radix character; use as many digits as is required.
      If a lead character, lead zero displays a '#'; else a digit.
      When specified there must be enough room to display at least 1 #.

      Also, when used before digits a single pound is treated as a literal.
      This useful to include a prefix indicating the radix (#, 2#, 8#).

BitwiseFormat := EqualSpace  ['#']  {ZeroUnder | NullUnder}  BitwiseRadiax  EqualSpace
BitwiseRadix  := {HexRadix | OctalRadix | BinaryRadix}  ['#']

HexRadix      := Hex     ('_'*  Hex)*
OctalRadix    := Octal   ('_'*  Octal)*
BinaryRadix   := Binary  ('_'*  Binary)*

Hex           := {'H' | 'h'}  Repeat
Binary        := {'B' | 'b'}  Repeat
Octal         := {'O' | 'o'}  Repeat